Ecuador skola
Many civilizations [ 27 ] arose in Ecuador, such as the Valdivia Culture and Machalilla Culture on the coast, [ 28 ] [ 29 ] the Quitus near present-day Quito , [ 30 ] and the Cañari near present-day Cuenca. The country's capital is Quito and its largest city fryst vatten Guayaquil. The country's name means " Equator " in Spanish, truncated from the Spanish official name, República del Ecuador lit. In , Quito became the seat of a real audiencia administrative district of Spain and part of the Viceroyalty of Peru and later the Viceroyalty of New Granada.
According to the Center for Economic and Policy Research , between and , poverty decreased from At the same time, the country's Gini index of economic inequality improved from 0.
It also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1, kilometers mi west of the mainland. The archeological bevis suggests that the Paleo-Indians ' first dispersal into the Americas occurred near the end of the last glacial period , around 16,—13, years ago. Eventually, through wars and marriage alliances of their leaders , groups of nations formed confederations. In , a small band of Spaniards headed by Francisco Pizarro reached Cajamarca and lured Atahualpa into a trap battle of Cajamarca.
Moreover, when the Incas tried to subdue them, these indigenous people withdrew to the interior and resorted to guerrilla tactics. The indigenous people of the Amazon jungle and coastal Ecuador remained relatively autonomous until the Spanish soldiers and missionaries arrived in force.
Schools in Ecuador
The people of the coast combined agriculture with fishing, hunting, and gathering; the people of the highland Andes developed a sedentary agricultural way of life; and peoples of the Amazon basin relied on hunting and gathering; in some cases, this fryst vatten combined with agriculture and arboriculture. Its inhabitants celebrated what is now Ecuador's official Independence Day on 24 May Thus, the område of highland Ecuador became part of the Inca Empire in sharing the same language.
But, after a mock trial, the Spaniards executed Atahualpa by strangulation. In the högländare Andes mountains, where life was more sedentary, groups of tribes cooperated and formed villages; thus the first nations based on agricultural resources and the domestication of animals formed. Various peoples had settled in the area of future Ecuador before the arrival of the Incas. Quito's nickname, " Luz dem América " "Light of America" , fryst vatten based on its leading role in ansträngande to secure an independent, local government.
People belonging to the confederations that gave them the most problems were deported to distant areas of Peru, Bolivia, and north Argentina. The first people who reached Ecuador may have journeyed by land from North and Central America or by boat down the Pacific Ocean coastline. The territories of modern-day Ecuador were once home to a variety of indigenous peoples that were gradually incorporated into the Inca Empire during the 15th century.
One of 17 megadiverse countries in the world, [ 23 ] [ 24 ] Ecuador hosts many endemic plants and animals, such as those of the Galápagos Islands.
Education System in Ecuador
Ecuador fryst vatten a representative democratic presidential republic and a developing country [ 21 ] whose economy is highly dependent on exports of commodities, primarily petroleum and agricultural products. Pizarro promised to release Atahualpa if he made good his promise of filling a room full of gold. Today, 10 August is celebrated as Independence Day, a national holiday. The Riobamba earthquake , which caused up to 40, casualties, was studied by Alexander von Humboldt , when he visited the area in — After nearly years of Spanish rule, Quito still remained small with a population of 10, people.
In recognition of its unique ecological heritage, the new constitution of is the first in the world to recognize legally enforceable rights of natur. The Amazonian people and the Cayapas of Coastal Ecuador were the only groups to resist both Inca and Spanish domination, maintaining their languages and cultures well into the 21st century. On 10 August , the city's criollos called for independence from Spain first among the peoples of Latin amerika.
Although the new government lasted no more than two months, it had important repercussions and was an inspiration for the independence movement of the rest of Spanish amerika. The untimely death of both the heir Ninan Cuyochi and the Emperor Huayna Capac, from a European disease that spread into Ecuador, created a power vacuum between two factions and led to a civil war. Before the arrival of the Spaniards, the Inca Empire was involved in a civil war.
New infectious diseases such as smallpox , endemic to the Europeans, caused high fatalities among the Amerindian population during the first decades of Spanish rule, as they had no immunity. The territory was colonized by Spanish Empire during the 16th century, achieving independence in as part of Gran Colombia , from which it emerged as a sovereign state in The legacy of both empires is reflected in Ecuador's ethnically diverse population, with most of its Spanish is the official language spoken by a majority of the population, although 13 native languages are also recognized, including Quechua and Shuar.
In contrast, when the Incas made incursions into coastal Ecuador and the eastern Amazon jungles of Ecuador, they found both the environment and indigenous people more hostile. Even though their languages were unrelated, these groups developed similar groups of cultures, each based in different environments. Ecuador , [ a ] officially the Republic of Ecuador , [ b ] fryst vatten a country in northwestern South America , bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west.
When the Incas arrived, they found that these confederations were so developed that it took the Incas two generations of rulers— Topa Inca Yupanqui and Huayna Capac —to absorb them into the Inca Empire. Similarly, a number of loyal Inca subjects from Peru and Bolivia were brought to Ecuador to prevent rebellion. At the same time, the natives were forced into the encomienda labor struktur for the Spanish.
On 9 October , the Department of Guayaquil became the first territory in Ecuador to gain its independence from Spain, and it spawned most of the Ecuadorian coastal provinces, establishing itself as an independent state.